Error message

  • Notice: Undefined offset: 0 in oxfamfrontend_preprocess_menu__main() (line 125 of themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/oxfamfrontend.theme).
    oxfamfrontend_preprocess_menu__main(Array, 'menu__main', Array) (Line: 287)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('menu__main', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 105)
    __TwigTemplate_5bc78951cbfd07f9036903857f6e3a6617201f67ad83e1553c25d2c2e4d13e27->block_content(Array, Array) (Line: 216)
    Twig\Template->displayBlock('content', Array, Array) (Line: 93)
    __TwigTemplate_5bc78951cbfd07f9036903857f6e3a6617201f67ad83e1553c25d2c2e4d13e27->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/blocks/block--oxfamfrontend-main-menu.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('block', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 444)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 63)
    __TwigTemplate_fae2745a282c7dd5710ffd9c7581cc0c9c45b8844f89293b3dec313e1fc4c8b0->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/page.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('page', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 377)
    __TwigTemplate_84ae86668151776ad24629f511bb4827c89c640cfc686ccf61ea2115b5f096d9->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/html.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('html', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 147)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 573)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 148)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray(Object, 'kernel.view', Object)
    call_user_func(Array, Object, 'kernel.view', Object) (Line: 111)
    Drupal\Component\EventDispatcher\ContainerAwareEventDispatcher->dispatch('kernel.view', Object) (Line: 156)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw(Object, 1) (Line: 68)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 57)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 191)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 128)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 82)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 52)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 23)
    Stack\StackedHttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 708)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle(Object) (Line: 19)
    
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in oxfamfrontend_preprocess_menu__main() (line 125 of themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/oxfamfrontend.theme).
    oxfamfrontend_preprocess_menu__main(Array, 'menu__main', Array) (Line: 287)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('menu__main', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 105)
    __TwigTemplate_5bc78951cbfd07f9036903857f6e3a6617201f67ad83e1553c25d2c2e4d13e27->block_content(Array, Array) (Line: 216)
    Twig\Template->displayBlock('content', Array, Array) (Line: 93)
    __TwigTemplate_5bc78951cbfd07f9036903857f6e3a6617201f67ad83e1553c25d2c2e4d13e27->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/blocks/block--oxfamfrontend-main-menu.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('block', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 444)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 63)
    __TwigTemplate_fae2745a282c7dd5710ffd9c7581cc0c9c45b8844f89293b3dec313e1fc4c8b0->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/page.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('page', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 377)
    __TwigTemplate_84ae86668151776ad24629f511bb4827c89c640cfc686ccf61ea2115b5f096d9->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/html.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('html', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 147)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 573)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 148)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray(Object, 'kernel.view', Object)
    call_user_func(Array, Object, 'kernel.view', Object) (Line: 111)
    Drupal\Component\EventDispatcher\ContainerAwareEventDispatcher->dispatch('kernel.view', Object) (Line: 156)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw(Object, 1) (Line: 68)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 57)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 191)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 128)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 82)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 52)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 23)
    Stack\StackedHttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 708)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle(Object) (Line: 19)
    
  • Warning: Use of undefined constant Blog - assumed 'Blog' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in oxfamfrontend_preprocess_breadcrumb() (line 1940 of themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/oxfamfrontend.theme).
    oxfamfrontend_preprocess_breadcrumb(Array, 'breadcrumb', Array) (Line: 287)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('breadcrumb', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 91)
    __TwigTemplate_2b51de83e80063ec313274ce6f3ceba482516f92c663ad86a8dc53843f4be9ec->block_content(Array, Array) (Line: 216)
    Twig\Template->displayBlock('content', Array, Array) (Line: 80)
    __TwigTemplate_2b51de83e80063ec313274ce6f3ceba482516f92c663ad86a8dc53843f4be9ec->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('core/themes/stable/templates/block/block.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('block', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 444)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 63)
    __TwigTemplate_fae2745a282c7dd5710ffd9c7581cc0c9c45b8844f89293b3dec313e1fc4c8b0->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/page.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('page', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 501)
    Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 377)
    __TwigTemplate_84ae86668151776ad24629f511bb4827c89c640cfc686ccf61ea2115b5f096d9->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 455)
    Twig\Template->displayWithErrorHandling(Array, Array) (Line: 422)
    Twig\Template->display(Array) (Line: 434)
    Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 64)
    twig_render_template('themes/custom/oxfamfrontend/templates/system/html.html.twig', Array) (Line: 384)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('html', Array) (Line: 431)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 200)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 147)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 573)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 148)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray(Object, 'kernel.view', Object)
    call_user_func(Array, Object, 'kernel.view', Object) (Line: 111)
    Drupal\Component\EventDispatcher\ContainerAwareEventDispatcher->dispatch('kernel.view', Object) (Line: 156)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw(Object, 1) (Line: 68)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 57)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 191)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 128)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 82)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 47)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 52)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 23)
    Stack\StackedHttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 708)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle(Object) (Line: 19)
    

Workers in sugarcane farms of Uttar Pradesh get a bitter deal

Workers in sugarcane farms of Uttar Pradesh get a bitter deal

Oxfam India report highlights several heartbreaking realities faced by farm workers in the sugarcane farms of UP

The sugar industry in Uttar Pradesh has a significant contribution to the state’s economy and also to the livelihoods of lakhs of farmers who depend directly on cane farming. There is plenty of information on the economic importance of sugarcane and the challenges that sugar mills face. But very little is known of the plight of farm workers who pay the ‘human cost of sugar’. This blog highlights some of the key challenges faced by workers as found in the report.

Migrants And Children On Farm

Only farmers with large land-holding have resources to hire farm workers. Workers are hired on daily wage basis, contract rate basis or on a permanent basis for the entire season. The permanent workers are predominantly migrant workers from other states such as Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh. These workers are hired as an individual adult or child or as an entire family.

Often children are recruited by recruiting agents under false pretext of providing jobs in factories, found the study. Agents often pay a lumpsum advance to the families of children before recruiting making it impossible for the children to leave the farm and return home. In many cases these migrant children were reported to get paid extremely low wages ranging between INR 2000/month to INR 5000/month.

Never-Ending Work And Poor Pay

Unlike the daily wage workers or the contract rate workers who have their own challenges, the migrant workers have no flexibility at work. Their work is never-ending and apart from working in the farms they are also made to work in other non farming and household activities with no additional pay.

The report finds that it is common for the daily wage workers to not receive wages on the same working day; often they are paid after a gap of upto 10-15 days. For the contractual workers, the delay in payment could be even more, extending up to 7-8 months. At times they are paid only after the farmer has received his payment from the mill, which means end of a production year in some cases.

Trapped In A Vicious Cycle

A broken payment cycle and no access to formal financial services often forces workers to borrow money from local money lenders who are usually big farmers from the village. The interest rates for such loans is anywhere between 36% to 60% per annum. The high interest rates and unreliable income, forces the workers into a perpetual debt cycle. In many cases the workers end up repaying their loan by working on the farms of their moneylenders- either alone or with their entire family. The report highlights one such case where a worker who had borrowed money from his employer to build a house is repaying by working on his farm with his family.

Women Face More Challenges

Women workers face more challenges working in cane farms which is largely percieved as a ‘man’s job’ in a patriarchal state. Women are often paid less than half wages (INR 80-200) compared to that paid to men for the same type of work. During the study it was also found that some women work on the farms of other villagers in return of de-trashed leaves that they use as livestock feed.

These and many more issues affect the lives of the farm workers in the sugar supply chain. Many of these issues are covered in detail in the study published by Oxfam India. As consumers of food and beverages most of us are unaware of these violations. Awareness is the first step in the direction of bringing about a change. Do create more awareness on this issue in your network by sharing #HumanCostOfSugar.

https://youtu.be/ScSNPnbWJlM

Private Sector Engagement

We engage with businesses to co-create market-based solutions to end inequality

Read More

Related Blogs

Blogs

Stories that inspire us

Private Sector Engagement

05 Dec, 2019

Lucknow

Truth About Tea Campaign at Lucknow's Kabir Festival

The fourth edition of the Kabir Festival was held at the Sangeet Natak Academy in Lucknow from Nov 22-25. Organised by Dastak Manch (and co-sponsored by Oxfam India), the youth fest...

Private Sector Engagement

29 Nov, 2019

Delhi

Reflections from UN Forum on Business and Human Rights 2019

The recently concluded 8th UN Forum on Business and Human Rights, 2019 is the biggest gathering of civil society, governments, businesses, academics and others working on issues of ...

Private Sector Engagement

25 Sep, 2019

Uttar Pradesh

Long wait, delayed returns

Buddhan, a sexagenarian farmer from Western Uttar Pradesh’s Muzaffarnagar had just supplied his sugarcane at the mill gate after spending over two days in a long queue at district’s...

Private Sector Engagement

25 Sep, 2019

Uttar Pradesh

Environmental cost of sugar

Overexploitation of ground water resources, untreated discharge of effluents and limited policy action has led to a grave environmental crisis in UP “My paddy fields have been comp...